显微镜知识库

徕卡显微系统的知识库提供有关显微镜学科的科学研究和教学材料。内容旨在对显微镜初学者、有经验的显微镜操作实践者和使用显微镜的科学家在他们的日常工作和实验有所帮助。这里有探索交互式教程和应用笔记，你可以找到你需要的显微镜的基础知识以及前沿技术——快来加入徕卡显微知识社区，分享您的专业知识！

SEM image of the sample consisting of reed and brewers’ spent grain after surface polishing using the UC Enuity cryochamber at -120°C. The sample was transferred to the cryo-SEM (Zeiss Sigma 300) using the EM VCT500 transfer system. Courtesy of Claudia Mayrhofer, ZFE, Graz, Austria.

Ultramicrotome UC Enuity in Practice: Stable 15 nm Sections at ZFE

After using the UCT and UC6 ultramicrotomes, Claudia Mayrhofer calls UC Enuity a leap in stability—so robust that vibrations and temperature shifts don’t spoil sections, even with multiple users. Auto…

消除激光显微切割中的静电干扰

激光显微切割（LMD）中的静电荷会导致两种严重问题：样品粘附在带电表面而丢失，或者样品飞入相邻的孔中造成交叉污染。我们在 Leica LMD7 环境室中集成了一个离子发生器除静电。离子发生器将静电位移从 16%（16/100 次切割）降低到 0.2%（1/450+ 次切割）。低吸附 384 孔板的收集率从 65-75% 提高到 85-95%。

History, Developments and Trends of Microscopy in Cancer Research

Cancer is a global disease, with 18 million new cases diagnosed and 10 million cancer-related deaths worldwide in 2020. This burden is set to increase, with a projected increase in cases of ~55% by…

小鼠成纤维细胞，F-肌动蛋白用 FITC 标记（绿色），微管蛋白用 Cy5 标记（红色），细胞核用 DAPI 标记（蓝色）。图片由德国海德堡马克斯-普朗克医学研究所 Günter Giese 博士提供。

荧光染料应用和特性概述

本文将介绍常用的荧光染料并概述其特性。荧光显微镜借助荧光染料、荧光蛋白或使用抗体的免疫荧光染色来研究特定的细胞成分。由于荧光剂种类繁多，荧光显微镜可用于检查蛋白质、核酸、聚糖、细胞器和其他细胞结构。

Researchers Insights: Microscopy in Cancer Research

Discover how imaging techniques are driving cancer research forward. In this issue, we present comprehensive multimodal studies using microscopy, as well as new directions in intraoperative cancer…

Zebrafish heart, DAPI (nuclei, blue), Tropomyosin (cardiomyocytes, red) and GFP (primordial cardiac layer, green). Courtesy of Anna Jazwinska, University of Fribourg, Switzerland.

显微镜中的荧光

荧光显微技术是一种特殊的光学显微镜技术。它利用的是荧光色素在一定波长的光激发下发光的能力。通过抗体染色或荧光蛋白标记，可以用这种荧光色素标记感兴趣的蛋白质。这样就可以确定单分子物种的分布、数量及其在细胞内的定位。此外，还可以进行共定位和相互作用研究，使用可逆结合染料（如 Ca2+ 和 fura-2）观察离子浓度，以及观察细胞的内吞和外吞过程。如今，利用荧光显微镜甚至可以对亚分辨率颗粒进行成像。

Foraminifera (Ammonia confertitesta) labeled with membrane-permeable calcein, high-pressure frozen in salt water using EM ICE. The sample was cryo-planed and targeted with the M205 on the Cryo-Fluo Enuity, then transferred under cryo conditions to the Cryo-Stellaris for widefield and confocal imaging, revealing details of the staining pattern. Image courtesy: David Evans, University of Southampton.

High-Pressure Freezing for Organoids: Cryo CLEM & FIB Lift Out

Master cryo EM workflow steps for challenging 3D samples: when to choose HPF vs. plunge freezing, reproducible blotting/ice control, contamination aware transfers, Cryo CLEM 3D targeting in organoids,…

Virally labeled neurons (red) and astrocytes (green) in a cortical spheroid derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells. THUNDER Model Organism Imager with a 2x, 0.15 NA objective at 3.4x zoom was used to produce this 425 µm Z-stack (26 positions) which is presented here as an Extended Depth of Field (EDoF) projection. Images courtesy of Dr. F. Birey, Dr. S. Pasca laboratory, Palo Alto, CA.

活细胞成像指南

在生命科学各研究领域的广泛应用中，活细胞成像是一种不可或缺的工具，用于观察细胞在尽可能接近活体（即活的、活跃的）状态下的情况。本指南回顾了确保成功进行活细胞成像的各种重要注意事项，并介绍了各种旨在克服常见挑战的高性能解决方案。这些进展使我们能够对细胞生理学和动力学有新的认识。

Shown is the DMi8 inverted microscope which is used for life-science research.

选择研究用显微镜时应考虑的因素

光学显微镜通常是生命科学研究实验室的核心设备之一。它可用于各种应用，揭示许多科学问题。因此，显微镜的配置和功能对其应用范围至关重要，从明视野显微镜到荧光显微镜，再到活细胞成像。本文简要概述了显微镜的相关功能，并总结了在选择研究用显微镜时应考虑的关键问题。

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